That is a lid to Old Judge Smoking Tobacco box that held 5lbs of smoking tobacco (40 2oz packages). The lid remained common pre & post ATC formation (1890) whereas the side panels (not shown here) were different.
Many thanks to Henry and Jay for allowing me to collect this pairing.
On a side note, I've never come across a similar carton for cigarettes, it would be similar in design but light green in color. Hope to someday see one.